3.2.5 Peripheral & Video Cables

Learn the types of cables that correspond with the types of ports installed into computer systems.

RS-232 Standardization

All serial port connections use the RS-232 Standardization, which formally defines the system of cable signals and pin connectors associated with communication on the serial cable.

DB Connectors

The first serial port on older PCs, also known as the communications port (COM 1). Officially named D-Subminiature (D-Sub; DB) there are so many names for the same type of cable wtf, they come in a family of connectors:

• DB-9 (standard 9-pin)
• DB-15 (15 pins)
• DB-25 you get the point
• DB-37
• DB-50

VGA Connectors

VGA Port Connectors come in a 15-pin connector that carries analog video signal to a connected display. They can run in cables 15-30 feet in length without losing signal quality. They come in BLUE and BLUE ONLY, since that's the standard for VGA ports.

DVI Connectors

DVI Port Connectors, also called the "White Video Cables", support various video signals. DVI-A supports analog, DVI-D supports digital, and DVI-I integrates both digital and analog into its signals. Since it supports analog signals, DVI cables are also compatible with VGA connectors. If you ever have the choice between DVI and VGA, always choose DVI - they have a chance to produce higher video quality.

DVI-A

Often used to connect a video card to old CRT monitors.

DVI-D

Often used to connect DVI cards to LCD monitors. Have a dual mode that adds 6 more pins for higher video quality when enabled

DVI-I

Also has the dual mode that DVI-D cables have. Cannot convert raw DVI-D output into analog signals. Designed to run with cables 16 feet in length or less, but with modern video cards and monitors can be extended to 25-30 feet. Anything past that requires a powered DVI signal booster to the cable line or switch to achieve good quality video. Choose wisely.

HDMI Cables

Incredibly versatile 19-pin connector & cable. Combines the functionality of three composite audio/video cables to send digital signals to connected displays. HDMI cables have different types:

• Type A (standard)
• Type C (mini
• Type D (micro) Designed for cables that are 50 feet or less in length.

DisplayPort

Provides the sharpest video images and the fastest throughput. Has resolutions 4x full HD pictures. Cable designed for lengths up tp 35 feet. Comes in two types:

• Standard U-Type
• Mini

Thunderbolt

Provides audio/video, DC power, and data signals when connecting a display into an Apple computer. Combines two serial data channels to make a bi-directional channel with 40 Gbps of throughput (only when a signal booster is used).

• Versions I & II used the DisplayPort Mini connector
• Versions III & IV use the USB-C connector

Lightning

Multipurpose connector.

• Charging
• Data Transfer
• Connect to:
  • Host PC
  • external monitors
  • digital cameras
  • other peripheral devices

#III

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