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A system utility on Windows-based systems that allows the user to view information about the hardware and software setup in great detail. Access Win+R then msinfo32.exe then OK Win then System Information then Enter #VII

A Windows condition where the system time is out of sync with the time server. There are several indicators of time drift: inaccurate logon restrictions certificate errors virus scans being ran at wrong times inaccurate authentication expiration Time drift c...

A system utility on Windows-based systems that allows the user to customize features of devices and to configure how a computer looks and behaves. Applets System & Security Security & Maintenance Windows Defender Firewall System File History Backup & Restore ...

An enumeration of the different types of licenses people use to protect their digital property. Activation Type Description One-Time Activation License is activated once after the product is installed, and remains valid. Persistent Activation License ...

A Windows 10 feature that enables groups of workstations to be connected and managed from a specialized domain controller. Windows offers creation of a domain account, which is a specialized administrator account that manages workstations that are part of a la...

A specialized server used to handle authentication requests and enforce security policies on workstations connected to a domain. Features: allows authenticated hosts to access resources stored on any of the workstations connected to the domain stores user acc...

A Windows 10 feature that requests credentials for tasks that require privilege elevation from the current user. UAC prompts the user for 150 seconds. If there is no response, the request is automatically denied. Key Concepts When a user logs in, there are two...

aliases: SSH A network protocol that enables the secure transfer of data between two clients hosted on an unsecured network. SSH can be used to perform remote logins, file transfers and program execution over the command line interface. SSH is the principa...

A Windows 10 Pro feature that allows the user to take control of another workstation remotely over a network connection. Windows Remote Desktop is a program that allows a user to remotely access a user account over a local-area network. It allows the user to v...

A Windows 10 Pro feature that allows users to gain limited remote access to another system with the intent of helping them with technical issues. Windows Remote Assistance requires specific permissions to be enabled on both the assistant and the target to allo...

A feature on Apple-macOS versions X and later that allows for screen sharing between two Mac devices. Screensharing is disabled by default on macOS. To enable it, navigate to System Preferences > Sharing > Check Screen Sharing. Screen Sharing allows for the sp...

A rule when performing system backups that states that an organization should keep three copies of a full backup, store them on two different media types, and have at least one copy stored offsite. #VIII

Software refers to the electronic instructions and data that will be used by the hardware. Software is usually stored on a storage drive or special chip. Some types of software include: Operating Systems (e.g. Microsoft-Windows, Arch Linux) Program Applicati...

aliases: BIOS A legacy firmware program stored in the Read-Only Memory of a computer system. Responsible for the PC's startup process, loading the OS into memory. Has been mostly replaced by UEFI, but the two terms are used interchangeably. BIOS Boot Seque...

A command-line utility used to help fix startup issues on Windows-based systems. Bootrec can be accessed through the CMD Terminal. If Windows can't boot normally, access it through Safe Mode w/ Command Prompt. Options Description Usage fixmbr Rewrites t...

Boot Configuration Database: A detailed list of the programs the Windows OS is to load at boot time. BCD replaces the boot.ini file starting with Windows Vista. #VIII

aliases: MBR A hard disk partition style that holds information about how the disk has it's partitions setup and the file system that each partition is using. It's only able to address storage spaces less than 2 TB in size. In MBR, partitions are identifie...

An enumeration of the advanced boot options for Microsoft-Windows. Option Description Enable Debugging Starts Windows in advanced troubleshooting mode. Enable Boot Logging Creates a file called ntbtlog.txt in C:\Windows during startup that logs every ...